Article 45
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Current affairsLakshadweep Becomes India's First 100% Literate Union Territory Under ULLAS SchemeLakshadweep was declared India's first 100% literate Union Territory on October 11, 2026, under the ULLAS (Understanding Lifelong Learning for All in Society) — Nav Bharat Saaksharta Karyakram. All 1,113 identified adult non-literates in the island territory passed the Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Test (FLNAT), completing a landmark in India's adult education mission aligned with the National Education Policy 2020. Current affairsInternational Day of the Girl Child 2026 (October 11): Theme, Child Marriage, and India's Legal FrameworkThe United Nations observes International Day of the Girl Child every year on 11 October. The 2026 theme is "End child marriage and invest in girls' rights," reflecting the global urgency to eliminate child marriage affecting approximately 12 million girls annually. India, home to the largest number of child brides globally in absolute terms, has robust legal provisions against child marriage while continuing to address enforcement and social norm gaps. Current affairsWorldSkills Shanghai 2026: India Ranks 10th with Six Silver Medals — Historic Best PerformanceIndia secured its best-ever 10th-place finish at the 48th WorldSkills Competition held in Shanghai, China (22–27 September 2026), winning 6 Silver Medals and 20 Medals for Excellence from a delegation of 70 competitors across 63 skill areas — a major leap from 13th place at Lyon 2024. Prime Minister met Team India representatives on 9 October 2026 to felicitate their achievement. Current affairsNobel Prize in Physics 2026: Francis Halzen Awarded for IceCube Neutrino Observatory and Discovery of High-Energy Astrophysical NeutrinosBelgian-American physicist Francis Halzen of the University of Wisconsin–Madison has been awarded the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physics for his decisive contributions to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole and the landmark discovery of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin — opening a new era of multi-messenger astronomy and deepening humanity's understanding of the high-energy universe. Current affairsWorld Teachers' Day 2026 (October 5): Theme "Standing with Teachers — 60 Years of the 1966 ILO/UNESCO Recommendation"World Teachers' Day is observed on October 5 every year under the auspices of UNESCO. The 2026 theme is "Standing with teachers: 60 years of protecting the profession, advancing its status and shaping our futures" — marking the 60th anniversary of the 1966 ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers. The day is co-organised by UNESCO, ILO, UNICEF, and Education International, with the global celebration held at UNESCO Headquarters, Paris. Current affairsSupreme Court Directs States to Raise District Judges' Retirement Age: Pendency Crisis, Constitutional Framework, and Judicial ReformA Supreme Court bench led by Chief Justice Surya Kant directed all States and Union Territories on September 1, 2026, to consider raising the retirement age of district judiciary judicial officers from 60 to 61/62 years, in the long-pending case All India Judges Association v. Union of India (W.P.(C) No. 1022/1989). The direction is driven by over 5.18 crore pending cases in district courts and 1,744 vacancies, and is contested by 10 States citing financial constraints. Current affairsNational Teachers' Day 2026: President Murmu Honours 48 Teachers; SRCC Centenary and the Legacy of Dr. Sarvepalli RadhakrishnanSeptember 5, 2026 marks the 138th birth anniversary of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, celebrated as National Teachers' Day across India. President Droupadi Murmu conferred National Teachers' Awards on 48 outstanding school teachers at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. Prime Minister Modi also addressed students at Shri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), which is celebrating its centenary year (est. 1926).
In previous-year questions
- Article 48A of the Constitution of India, added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976), directs the State to:UPSC · Current Affairs
- Which Constitutional Article, inserted by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, guarantees the Right to Free and Compulsory Education for children between the ages of 6 and 14 years?UPSC · Current Affairs
- The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) proposed red hexagonal front-of-pack warning labels in August 2026. Which Article of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) most directly mandates the State to raise the level of nutrition and improve public health — forming the constitutional foundation for food safety regulation?UPSC · Current Affairs
- As per the AISHE 2023-24 report, India has 17.32 lakh teachers in higher education institutions. Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides for a Directive Principle specifically promoting the educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections?UPSC · Current Affairs
- Which Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP) mandates the State to ensure that the legal system promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunity and provides free legal aid?UPSC · Current Affairs
- Which Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP) in the Indian Constitution specifically directs the State to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and take steps to preserve and improve breeds?UPSC · Current Affairs
- Which of the following Directive Principles of State Policy under the Indian Constitution is most directly relevant to the goal of universal adult literacy achieved by Lakshadweep under ULLAS?UPSC · Current Affairs